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The Natchez Trace (Cornerstones of Freedom)
More Information at Natchez
Trace in Depth
What I Learned Section 1 -- Answer the
Following Questions:
1. The Natchez Trace runs between which
two locations?
a) Nashville and Natchez
b) Missouri and New Mexico
c) Missouri and Oregon
d) San Antonio and Abilene
a) Nashville and Natchez. Read
more
2. Is the Natchez Trace located east
or west of the Mississippi River?
East of the Mississippi River. Read
more
3. True or False: In 1783, the United
States gained control of Natchez, Mississippi, after defeating
Britain in the American Revolution.
True. Read
more
4. How long is the Natchez Trace (in
miles or kilometers)?
450 miles or 724 kilometers. Read
more
5. What year did the entire path become
known as "The Natchez Trace?"
1826. Read
more
6. True or False: The Natchez Trace
was used as a postal route.
True. Read
more
7. Which of the following inventions
decreased the importance of travel on the Natchez Trace in 1812?
a) Light Bulb; b) Steam Engine; c) Cotton Gin; d) Airplane
b) Steam Engine. Read
more
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What I Learned Section 2 -- Define the
following words:
Depot: A place where people
store or sell supplies
Dispatch: An important official
government message
Ford: (noun) The place where a
river or stream is crossed; (verb) to cross a river or stream
Port: A town that has a harbor
for ships taking on or delivering cargo
Stand: A place where travelers
could eat and rest
Territory: Part of the United States
that is not yet admitted as a state
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Bonus Questions (Answer 1 of the
Following Questions for Your FREE
Bookmark):
a. Name ONE of the other names for which
the Natchez Trace is known.
"The Path to the Choctaw Nation," "The Choctaw-Chickasaw Trail,"
"The Chickasaw Trace," "The Natchez Road," and "The Nashville
Road." Read
more
b. Describe the importance of stands
along the Natchez Trace.
Stands gave people a place to eat and rest. Read
more
c. What is the Natchez Trace Parkway?
It is a scenic highway from Natchez to Nashville. Read
more
d. Describe ONE of the following people
or groups of people:
Hernando de Soto
Father Jacques Marquette and Trapper Louis Joliet
René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle
Winthrop Sargent
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Francis Baily
Louis Le Fleur
Andrew Jackson
Timothy Pickering
General James Wilkinson
John L. Swaney
Lorenzo Dow
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Answers may vary. Read
more
e. Describe the trip made be Francis
Baily and his party in 1797.
Answers may vary. Read
more
f. Use five of the words in Section
2 in a sentence.
Answers may vary. Read
more
g. Have a parent or friend give you
a spelling test with EACH of the words in Section 2.
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More Valuable Information about The
Natchez Trace:
Natchez
Trace Parkway (NPS)
Natchez National
Historical Park (NPS)
Natchez Trace
National Scenic Trail (NPS)
Natchez
Trace Parkway
Natchez Trace
Compact
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The Santa Fe Trail (Cornerstons of Freedom)
More Information at Santa
Fe Trail in Depth
What I Learned Section 1 -- Answer the
Following Questions:
1. The Santa Fe Trail runs between which
two locations?
a) Nashville and Natchez
b) Missouri and New Mexico
c) Missouri and Oregon
d) San Antonio and Abilene
b) Missouri and New Mexico. Read
more
2. What year did the Santa Fe Trail
open?
1822. Read
more
3. How long is the Santa Fe Trail (in
miles or kilometers)?
About 780 miles or 1,260 kilometers. Read
more
4. True or False: The Santa Fe Trail
has a Mountain Route and a Desert Route.
True. Read
more
5. Which of the following events led
to the closure of the Santa Fe Trail in 1879?
a) The Lewis and Clark Expedition reached the Pacific Ocean
b) Forty-niners headed to California for the gold rush
c) The American Civil War ended
d) The railroad reached Santa Fe
d) The railroad reached Santa Fe. Read
more
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What I Learned Section 2 -- Define the
following words:
Adobe: Traditional southwestern
bricks made of water, clay, and straw
Barter: To trade in an exchange
of goods rather than for money
Caravan: Group of people or vehicles
traveling together
Rendezvous: Meeting place
Republic: Form of government in
which the people elect representatives who manage the government
Saddlebag: Covered pouch laid across
the back of horse behind the saddle
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Bonus Questions (Answer 1 of the
Following Questions for Your FREE
Bookmark):
a. Who was Zebulon Pike?
The first American to explore the Santa Fe Trail in 1806. Read
more
b. Who were Charles and William Bent?
They were brothers, trappers, and traders who played an important
role in the history of the Santa Fe Trail. Read
more
c. Describe ONE of the following people:
Lieutenant Zebulon Pike
William Becknell
Kit Carson
Josiah Gregg
Susan Magoffin
Stephen Watts Kearny
"Uncle Dick" Wootten
Answers may vary. Read
more
d. What year did Texas gain its independence?
1836. Read
more
e. What year did the Mexican War begin?
1846. Read
more
f. Name ONE of the American Indian tribes
living along the Santa Fe Trail.
Pawnee, Arapaho, Comanche, Kiowa, Ute, and Jicarilla Apache. Read
more
g. Use five of the words in Section
2 in a sentence.
Answers may vary. Read
more
h. Have a parent or friend give you
a spelling test with EACH of the words in Section 2.
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More Valuable Information about The
Santa Fe Trail:
Santa Fe National
Historic Trail (NPS)
Bent's Old Fort
National Historic Site (NPS)
Santa
Fe Trail Map (NPS)
Santa Fe
Trail Association
Santa Fe
Trail Center (Larned, Kansas)
Santa
Fe Trail Links
Kaw
Mission State Historic Site
Santa
Fe Trail Map (Kaw Mission State Historic Site)
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The Oregon Trail (Cornerstones of Freedom)
More Information at Oregon
Trail in Depth
What I Learned Section 1 -- Answer the
Following Questions:
1. The Oregon Trail runs between which
two locations?
a) Nashville and Natchez
b) Missouri and New Mexico
c) Missouri and Oregon
d) San Antonio and Abilene
c) Missouri and Oregon. Read
more
2. What year did Dr. Marcus Whitman
travel the Oregon Trail?
1836. Read
more
3. How many miles was the Oregon Trail?
2,000 miles. Read
more
4. How many months did it take to travel
the Oregon Trail in the 1840's?
About six months. Read
more
5. Describe how ONE of the following
affected the wagon train's trip while traveling the Oregon Trail:
American Indians
Disease
Weather
Answers may vary. Read
more
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What I Learned Section 2 -- Define the
following words:
Conestoga Wagons: Wagons
used by families traveling the Oregon Trail; they were named after
the Pennsylvania town where they were first built
Manifest Destiny: The belief of
the United States that its people had a right to settle the entire
North American continent from sea to sea
Missionaries: People who spread
their religious beliefs
Mountain Men: White fur trappers
living and exploring the Oregon Country in the early 1800's
Pioneers: First group of travelers
who moved to the new land and made a new home
Teamsters: People who drove the
wagons during the wagon train
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Bonus Questions (Answer 1 of the
Following Questions for Your FREE
Bookmark):
a. Describe the journey across the Oregon
Trail made by Jesse Applegate's group in 1843.
Answers may vary. Read
more
b. Name ONE of the points or landmarks
along the Oregon Trail.
Platte River, Fort Laramie, Sweetwater River, Independence Rock,
Chimney Rock, The Continental Divide, South Pass, Soda Springs,
Steamboat Springs, Fort Hall, Snake River, Columbia River, and
Fort Walla Walla. Read
more
c. What does "Fifty-four forty or fight!"
mean?
This referred to the 54°40' latitude line that the United States
wanted as the northern border of Oregon. Read
more
d. Use
five of the words in Section 2 in a sentence.
Answers may vary. Read
more
e. Have a parent or friend give you
a spelling test with EACH of the words in Section 2.
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More Valuable Information about The
Oregon Trail:
Oregon
National Historic Trail (NPS)
Museum
of Westward Expansion (NPS)
In
Search of The Oregon Trail (PBS)
The Oregon Trail (Idaho State University)
Map
of the Oregon Trail (Idaho State University)
Oregon
Trail History Library (End of the Oregon Trail)
Diagram
of a Prairie Schooner (End of the Oregon Trail)
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The Chisholm Trail (Cornerstones of Freedom)
More Information at Chisholm
Trail in Depth
What I Learned Section 1 -- Answer the
Following Questions:
1. The Chisholm Trail runs between which
two locations?
a) Nashville and Natchez
b) Missouri and New Mexico
c) Missouri and Oregon
d) San Antonio and Abilene
d) San Antonio and Abilene. Read
more
2. What was the reason for the first
cattle drives in Texas in the 1830's?
a) Cowboys were looking for new markets to sell their cattle
b) The cattle pulled the wagon trains
c) As settlers built new towns, the cattle moved north to find
abundant food
d) Texas was flooded in the 1830's, and the cattle moved to higher
ground
a) Cowboys were looking for new markets to sell their cattle.
Read more
3. True or False: In 1860, there were
more than 3,000,000 cattle in Texas.
True. Read
more
4. What year did the American Civil
War end?
1865. Read
more
5. Name ONE of the cattle trails established
after the Civil War.
The Chisholm Trail, the Goodnight-Loving Trail, the Kansas Trail,
and the Shawnee Trail. Read
more
6. How many heads were in a cattle drive?
They could range from a few hundred heads to more than twelve
thousand heads. Usually, there were two thousand to three thousand
heads. Read
more
7. Who was Jesse Chisholm?
He was a trader who had driven his wagon up and down a trail from
Wichita, Kansas, to the Washita River in Indian Territory (Oklahoma).
Read more
8. What year did the Chisholm Trail
close?
1885. Read
more
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What I Learned Section 2 -- Define the
following words:
Domesticate: To tame
Livestock: Horses, cattle, sheep,
and other animals kept or raised on a farm or ranch
Ordinance: Law or regulation
Prairie: Mostly level, treeless
area of land with fertile soil and covered with coarse grasses
Stampede: Sudden scattering of
cattle or horses in fright
Stockyard: An enclosure with pens
and sheds connected with a slaughterhouse or market for the temporary
keeping of cattle, sheep, pigs, or horses
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Bonus Questions (Answer 1 of the
Following Questions for Your FREE
Bookmark):
a. Describe a typical cowboy.
Answers may vary. Read
more
b. Define ONE of the following people
on a cattle drive:
Trail
Boss: The leader of the cattle drive. Read
more
Cowboys: People who drove cattle. Read
more
Cook: He drove the chuck wagon and fed the cowboys. Read
more
Wrangler: He took care of the horse herd. Read
more
c. Describe a typical day on the cattle
drive.
Answers may vary. Read
more
d. Describe ONE of the factors leading
to the end of the cattle drives on the Chisholm Trail.
Answers may vary. Read
more
e. Describe ONE of the ways cattle drives
on the Chisholm Trail impacted the United States.
Answers may vary. Read
more
f. What are the words to "Home on the
Range?"
Oh, give me a home where the buffalo roam,
Where the deer and the antelope play,
Where never is heard a discouraging word
And the sky is not clouded all day.
Read more
g. Use five of the words in Section
2 in a sentence.
Answers may vary. Read
more
h. Have a parent or friend give you
a spelling test with EACH of the words in Section 2.
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of Page
More Valuable Information about The
Chisholm Trail:
Chisholm
Trail (Red River Authority of Texas)
Chisholm
Trail Heritage Center Statue and Museum
Along
the Chisholm Trail
Chisholm
Trail Map
Diagram
of Cattle Drive (Chisholm Trail Heritage Center)
Cody
Cowhounds Kid's Pages (Chisholm Trail Heritage Center)
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